utterly destroy

ē-rādīco ( exr-), āvi, ātum, 1 (archaic inf. eradicarier, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 21), v. a., to pluck up by the roots, to root out, eradicate (an ante-class. word).

Lit.:

ex terra enata,

Varr. R. R. 1, 27, 2:

plantationem,

Vulg. Matt. 15, 13; 13, 29 al.—

Transf.:

aliquem,

to root out, utterly destroy, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 38; id. Truc. 3, 1, 15; id. Merc. 4, 4, 35; id. Bacch. 5, 1, 6; Ter. And. 4, 4, 22; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 28; Vulg. Jer. 18, 7.—

Trop.: pugnis memorandis suis hominum aures, i. e. to wear out, pester with talking, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 53.

per-cīdo, cīdi, cīsum ( perf. percecīdi, Flor. 4, 12, 7), 3, v. a. [caedo], to beat or cut to pieces, to smash.

In gen.:

os alicui,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 12; id. Cas. 2, 6, 52; Sen. Q. N. 4, 4, 1.—

Esp.

To cut to pieces, rout utterly, destroy:

exercitum,

Flor. 3, 20, 10:

terga hostium,

id. 4, 12, 7.—

In mal. part., i. q. paedicare, Mart. 4, 48, 1; 7, 62, 1 al.; Sen. Prov. 5, 3; Mart. 12, 35, 2; cf.: percisus, paedicatus, pepugismenos, Gloss. Philox.; so,

too, alicui os, i. q. irrumare,

Mart. 2, 72, 3 (al. praecisum).

ē-nĕco or ēnĭco, cŭi (enicavit, Plaut. As. 5, 2, 71), ctum (less freq. enecatum; in the part. enecatus, Plin. 18, 13, 34, § 127; 30, 12, 34, § 108;

and, enectus,

id. 7, 9, 7, § 47; 26, 15, 90, § 159), 1 (old form of the fut. perf. enicasso, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 55 and 66), v. a., to kill off, kill completely, to kill, [p. 646] stay (freq. and class., esp. in the transf. signif.; syn.: neco, interficio, interimo, conficio, caedo, occido, concido, trucido, jugulo, obtrunco, etc.).

Lit.:

puer ambo anguis enicat,

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 67; id. Most. 1, 3, 62; id. Aul. 5, 22; id. Rud. 2, 5, 19; Varr. ap. Non. 81, 12; Plin. 23, 2, 31, § 63 et saep.:

cicer, ervum,

i. e. to stifle in growth, to destroy, Plin. 18, 17, 44, § 155; cf.

Bacchum (i. e. vinum),

Luc. 9, 434 (with exurere messes).—

Transf., in gen., to exhaust utterly, to wear out, destroy: enectus Tantalus siti, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10 Fischer N. cr.; cf. fame, Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 17; Cic. Div. 2, 35; Liv. 21, 40 al.:

bos est enectus arando,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 87.—

In colloq. lang., to torment, torture, plague to death:

aliquem amando,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 41:

aliquem jurgio,

id. ib. 3, 2, 14:

aliquem odio,

id. As. 5, 2, 71; id. Pers. 1, 1, 49; id. Rud. 4, 3, 7:

aliquem rogitando,

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 6;

and simply aliquem,

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 120; id. Am. 5, 1, 4.—Esp. freq.:

enicas or enicas me,

you kill me, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 45; 2, 4, 25; id. Poen. 5, 4, 98; id. Truc. 1, 2, 21; Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 37; 5, 6, 16. —

Trop.:

ea pars animi, quae voluptate alitur, nec inopia enecta nec satietate affluenti,

Cic. Div. 1, 29, 61; cf. id. Att. 6, 1, 2.

per-do, dĭdi, ditum, 3 (old form of the pres. subj. perduim, Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 6:

perduis,

id. Am. 2, 2, 215; id. Capt. 3, 5, 70:

perduit,

id. Ep. 1, 1, 64; id. Poen. 3, 4, 29;

but esp. freq., perduint,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 61; id. Aul. 4, 10, 55; id. Curc. 5, 3, 41; id. Cas. 3, 5, 17; id. Most. 3, 1, 138; id. Men. 2, 2, 34; 3, 1, 6; 5, 5, 31; id. Merc. 4, 3, 11; 4, 4, 53; id. Poen. 3, 2, 33; 4, 2, 41; id. Stich. 4, 2, 15; id. Truc. 2, 3, 10; Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 7; id. Hec. 3, 4, 27; id. Phorm. 1, 2, 73; Cic. Deiot. 7, 21; id. Att. 15, 4, 3.—As the pass. of perdo, only pereo, perditus, perire appear to be in good use.—The only classical example of a pass. form in the pres. is:

perditur haec inter misero lux non sine votis,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 59 (K. and H. ad loc.), where Lachm., perh. needlessly, reads lux porgitur, the day seems too long for me. —In the pass. perdi, in late Lat.; v. infra), v. a., to make away with; to destroy, ruin; to squander, dissipate, throw away, waste, lose, etc. (class.; syn.: dissipo, perimo, deleo).

Lit.:

aliquem perditum ire,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 5:

Juppiter fruges perdidit,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 45, 131:

funditus civitatem,

id. Att. 6, 1, 5:

se ipsum penitus,

id. Fin. 1, 15, 49:

perdere et affligere cives,

id. Rosc. Am. 12, 33:

perdere et pessundare aliquem,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 3:

aliquem capitis,

i. e. to charge with a capital offence, id. As. 1, 2, 6; id. Bacch. 3, 3, 86:

sumat, consumat, perdat,

squander, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 56; so,

perde et peri,

Plaut. Truc. 5, 59:

perdere et profundere,

to waste, Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 3:

perdere tempus,

id. de Or. 3, 36, 146:

operam,

id. Mur. 10, 23; cf.:

oleum et operam,

id. Fam. 7, 1, 3:

Decius amisit vitam: at non perdidit,

Auct. Her. 4, 44, 57:

cur perdis adulescentem nobis? cur amat? Cur potat?

Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 36.—In execrations (very common): di (deaeque omnes) te perduint, may the gods destroy you! See the passages with perduint cited init.—Pass. (late Lat.):

verbis perderis ipse tuis, Prosp. Epigr.: impii de terrā perdentur,

Vulg. Prov. 2, 22: quasi sterquilinium in fine perdetur, id. Job, 20, 7.—

Transf., in gen., to lose utterly or irrecoverably:

eos (liberos),

Cic. Fam. 5, 16, 3:

omnes fructus industriae et fortunae,

id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

litem,

to lose one's cause, id. de Or. 1, 36, 167:

libertatem,

id. Rab. Post. 9, 24:

dextram manum,

Plin. 7, 28, 29, § 104:

memoriam,

Cic. Sen. 7, 21:

causam,

id. Rosc. Com. 4, 11:

spem,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 3:

vitam,

Mart. Spect. 13, 2:

perii hercle! nomen perdidi,

i. e. I have quite forgotten the name, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 39.— Pass. (late Lat.):

si principis vita perditur,

Amm. 14, 5, 4; Hor. S. 2, 6, 59 (v. supra).—Of loss at play:

ne perdiderit, non cessat perdere lusor,

Ov. A. A. 1, 451; Juv. 1, 93.—Hence, perdĭtus, a, um, P. a., lost, i. e.,

Hopeless, desperate, ruined, past recovery (class.;

syn. profligatus): perditus sum, i. q. perii,

I am lost! Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 6; id. Rud. 5, 1, 3:

per fortunas vide, ne puerum perditum perdamus,

Cic. Fam. 14, 1, 5:

perditus aere alieno,

id. Phil. 2, 32, 78:

lacrimis ac maerore perditus,

id. Mur. 40, 86:

tu omnium mortalium perditissime,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 26, § 64:

rebus omnibus perditis,

id. Caecin. 31, 90:

senatoria judicia,

id. Verr. 1, 3, 8:

valetudo,

id. Tusc. 5, 10, 29.—

In partic., desperately in love; lost, ruined by love ( poet.):

amore haec perdita est,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 13:

in puellā,

Prop. 1, 13, 7:

amor,

Cat. 89, 2.—

Lost in a moral sense, abandoned, corrupt, profligate, flagitious, incorrigible:

adulescens perditus ac dissolutus,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 25, 55:

homo contaminatus, perditus, flagitiosus,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 134:

abjecti homines et perditi,

id. Mil. 18, 47; id. Cat. 1, 6, 9:

homo perditā nequitiā,

id. Clu. 13, 36:

perdita atque dissoluta consilia,

id. Agr. 2, 20, 55:

luxuriae ac lasciviae perditae,

Suet. Calig. 25:

nihil fieri potest miserius, nihil perditius, nihil foedius,

Cic. Att. 8, 11, 4; id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1; Cat. 42, 13.—Hence, sup.:

omnium mortalium perditissimus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 26, § 65; Just. 21, 5, 5.— Adv.: perdĭtē.

In an abandoned manner, incorrigibly:

se gerere,

Cic. Att. 9, 2, A, 2.—

Desperately, excessively:

amare,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 32:

conari,

Quint. 2, 12, 5.

prō-flīgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to strike or dash to the ground, to cast down utterly, overthrow, overcome, conquer (class.; syn.: sterno, prosterno).

Lit.:

inimicos profligare,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 75:

copias hostium,

Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 37:

classem hostium,

Caes. B. C. 2, 32:

hostes,

Nep. Dat. 6, 8:

proelia,

i. e. the warriors, Tac. A. 14, 36:

aciem virorum,

Sil. 11, 400; Tac. A. 13, 4.—

Trop.

To overthrow, ruin, destroy:

rem publicam,

Cic. de Or. 3, 1, 3:

tantas opes,

Nep. Pelop. 2, 3:

undique se suosque profligante fortunā,

Liv. 33, 19:

valetudinem,

Gell. 19, 5, 2.—

To overwhelm, crush in spirit:

quanti illum maerore afflictum esse et profligatum putatis,

Cic. Cat. 2, 1, 2.—

To bring almost to an end, to almost finish, despatch:

bellum commissum ac profligatum conficere,

Liv. 21, 40, 11:

profligato fere Samnitium bello,

id. 9, 29, 1; 28, 2, 11:

profligatum bellum ac paene sublatum,

Cic. Fam. 12, 30, 2:

profligata jam haec, et paene ad exitum adducta quaestio est,

id. Tusc. 5, 6, 15:

omnia ad perniciem profligata,

id. Rosc. Am. 13, 38:

sperans, ante Vitellii adventum profligari plurimum posse,

that it would be brought nearly to an end, Suet. Oth. 9:

profligaverat bellum Judaicum Vespasianus,

Tac. H. 2, 4; Flor 2, 15, 2; Just. 31, 7, 3; Sen. Ben. 7, 13, 2:

profligatis in Africā rebus,

Just. 22, 8, 1:

victoriam,

Front. Strat. 2, 3, 2:

quantum profligatum sit,

how far advanced, Just. 20, 4, 13; cf. Front. Strat. 2, 3, 20.—Hence, prōflīgātus, a, um, P. a.

Wretched, miserable, vile (class.;

syn. perditus): senatoria judicia perdita profligataque,

Cic. Verr. 1, 3, 8.—

In a moral sense, corrupt, dissolute, abandoned, profligate (class.):

tu omnium mortalium profligatissime ac perditissime,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 26, § 65:

homines,

id. Arch. 6, 14:

omnia ad perniciem profligata atque perdita,

id. Rosc. Am. 13, 38:

profligatissimus quisque,

Suet. Tib. 35.—

Of time, advanced (post-Aug.):

profligatae aetatis (homo),

Sen. Ot. 2, 2 (al. Vit. Beat. 29, 2).—In neutr. absol.:

in profligato esse,

to be almost ended, Gell. 15, 5, 2.

prō-flīgo, xi, ctum, 3, v. a., to strike down, ruin, destroy (post-class.):

proflictae res,

cast down, ruined, Gell. 15, 5, 2.

* * *

* * *

* * *

dēflā̆gro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a.

To burn down, to be consumed by fire (freq. only in Cic.; cf. conflagro).

Neutr.

Lit.:

qua nocte natus esset Alexander, eadem Dianae Ephesiae templum deflagravisse,

Cic. N. D. 2, 27 fin.; id. Div. 1, 17; id. Phil. 2, 36, 91; id. Par. 4, 2, 31; id. Ac. 2, 37 fin.; Liv. 5, 53 fin.; 10, 44; Suet. Tib. 48:

Phaëthon ictu fulminis deflagravit,

Cic. Off. 3, 25.—

Trop., to perish, be destroyed:

communi incendio malint quam suo deflagrare,

Cic. Sest. 46, 99:

ruere ac deflagrare omnia passuri estis?

Liv. 3, 52.—

Act. (very rare): fana flammā deflagrata, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19:

quae (sol) proxime currendo deflagrat,

Vitr. 6, 1.—

Trop., to destroy utterly:

in cinere deflagrati imperii,

Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 12 (cf. deflagratio fin.).—

To burn out, cease burning; rare, and only trop. of the fire of passion, = defervesco, to abate, be allayed:

deflagrare iras vestras posse,

Liv. 40, 8:

deflagrante paullatim seditione,

Tac. H. 2, 29:

iram senis deflagrare pati,

Lact. Mort. Pers. 14, 5.— Transf. to persons:

sic deflagrare minaces Incassum,

Luc. 4, 280.

dē-vŏro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to swallow, swallow down, gulp down, devour (class.; esp. freq. in transf. signif.—for syn. cf.: edo, comedo, vescor, pascor, mando).

Lit., of the physical act:

id quod devoratur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 135:

ovum gallinaceum integrum,

Cato R. R. 71: laseris paululum, [p. 567] Cels. 4, 4, 4:

salivam suam,

id. 2, 6, 98;

lapides,

Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 29:

succum,

id. 20, 23, 98, § 260:

fumum,

id. 26, 6, 16, § 30 et saep.—

Transf.

Of inanimate subjects, to swallow up, ingulf, absorb:

devorer telluris hiatu,

Ov. H. 3, 63:

terra devoravit montem,

Plin. 2, 91, 93, § 205:

vel me Charybdis devoret,

Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 74:

terras devorant aquae,

Plin. 31, 1, 1, § 2:

sol aquas devorans,

id. 20 prooem. §

1: ne rotae devorarentur (viarum mollitudine),

Vitr. 10, 6.—

To seize upon greedily or hastily, to swallow eagerly, to devour: meretricem ego item esse reor, mare ut est;

quod des, devorat,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 16:

spe et opinione praedam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 51; cf.:

spe devoratum lucrum,

id. Fl. 24; and:

regis hereditatem spe,

id. Att. 1, 16, 10:

aliquid oculis,

Just. 21, 5, 6; cf.:

spectat oculis devorantibus draucos,

Mart. 1, 97; cf. infra III. B.—

To swallow down, repress, suppress, check: verborum pars devorari solet, to be swallowed, i. e. only half pronounced, Quint. 11, 3, 33; so, verba, Sen. de Ira, 3, 14 fin.; cf.

lacrimas,

i. e. to repress, Ov. F. 4, 845; id. M. 13, 540:

gemitus,

Sen. Ep. 66 med. —

Of property, to consume, to waste, = exhaurire:

omnem pecuniam publicam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 76; id. Phil. 13, 2, 3; id. Pis. 21.—And with a pers. object: Si. Jamne illum comesurus es? Ba. Dum recens est, Dum datur, dum calet, devorari decet, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 26; id. As. 2, 2, 71; cf.: ut hominem devorari, cujus patrimonium consumitur, Quint. 8, 6, 25.—

Trop., to consume, destroy:

devorent vos arma vestra,

Just. 14, 4, 14; cf.:

aquilarum pinnae reliquarum alitum pinnas devorant,

Plin. 10, 3, 4, § 15:

vox devoratur,

i. e. is swallowed up, lost, id. 11, 51, 112, § 270: devoravi nomen imprudens, swallowed, i. e. I have lost, utterly forgotten, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 63: devorato pudore, Ap. M. 9, p. 225.—

Trop.

To swallow any thing unpleasant, i. e to bear patiently, to endure:

hominum ineptias ac stultitias,

Cic. Brut. 67, 236; so,

molestiam paucorum dierum,

id. Phil. 6, 6, 17:

taedium illud,

Quint. 11, 2, 41: bilem et dolorem, Tert. Res. carn. 54.—

To accept eagerly, enjoy:

quid tibi faciam qui illos libros devorasti,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 2:

os impiorum devorat iniquitatem,

Vulg. Prov. 19, 28:

auscultate et mea dicta devorate,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 59; cf.:

orationem dulcem (aures),

id. Poen. 5, 2, 9:

verbum ipsum (voluptatis),

id. Sest. 10, 23.—

ejus oratio, nimia religione attenuata, a multitudine et a foro devorabatur, qs. swallowed but not digested (i. e. heard without being understood), Cic. Brut. 82, 283.